濃縮(suo)機濃密機根據重力(li)沉降原理，利用(yong)裝在圓槽底部(bu)的旋轉(zhuan)耙(pa)連續排出沉淀產(chan)品(pin)的礦(kuang)(kuang)漿濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)縮設備(bei)。耙(pa)式濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)縮機高(gao)度(du)不大(da)而占地面積大(da)，但它動(dong)力(li)消耗少，產(chan)品(pin)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)度(du)高(gao)，運轉(zhuan)可靠(kao)，是應(ying)用(yong)普遍(bian)的重力(li)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)縮設備(bei)。它的給礦(kuang)(kuang)固體濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)度(du)范(fan)圍很寬:作(zuo)為精礦(kuang)(kuang)脫水(shui)(shui)時介于(yu)20﹪~30﹪，作(zuo)為尾礦(kuang)(kuang)脫水(shui)(shui)或污水(shui)(shui)澄(cheng)清(qing)時介于(yu)2﹪~10﹪。濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)縮產(chan)品(pin)的濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)度(du)可達(da)30﹪~70﹪(視固體密度(du)而定)。溢流中固體含量(liang)一般(ban)在0.1~0.5g/L以下。用(yong)于(yu)澄(cheng)清(qing)作(zuo)業(ye)的濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)縮機，當給礦(kuang)(kuang)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)度(du)為2﹪并添加絮凝劑(ji)時，其(qi)溢流固體含量(liang)可降至0.01g/L以下。

分類及結構

橋式ZX傳動濃縮機

它的(de)特點(dian)是用(yong)(yong)一(yi)個橫(heng)跨槽(cao)(cao)(cao)體(ti)上部(bu)(bu)的(de)橋(qiao)式(shi)桁(heng)(heng)架支(zhi)承傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)構(gou)和耙(pa)(pa)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(見圖1a)。濃(nong)(nong)縮(suo)機(ji)的(de)主要部(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)槽(cao)(cao)(cao)體(ti)、給(gei)礦(kuang)裝置(zhi)、耙(pa)(pa)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)和耙(pa)(pa)葉(xie)、傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)構(gou)、支(zhi)承桁(heng)(heng)架和提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)裝置(zhi)。槽(cao)(cao)(cao)體(ti)是用(yong)(yong)鋼板或(huo)鋼筋(jin)混(hun)凝土(tu)建造(zao)的(de)一(yi)個圓形槽(cao)(cao)(cao)，槽(cao)(cao)(cao)底(di)呈(cheng)(cheng)水平(鋼槽(cao)(cao)(cao))或(huo)微傾斜的(de)緩錐狀(zhuang)(混(hun)凝土(tu)槽(cao)(cao)(cao))。槽(cao)(cao)(cao)的(de)上部(bu)(bu)桁(heng)(heng)架上裝有(you)(you)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)構(gou)和提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)裝置(zhi)。槽(cao)(cao)(cao)中裝有(you)(you)耙(pa)(pa)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)，與水平呈(cheng)(cheng)8°~15°傾斜。它由蝸輪(lun)蝸桿減(jian)速機(ji)構(gou)和立軸帶動(dong)(dong)沿槽(cao)(cao)(cao)底(di)緩慢旋轉，其外(wai)圍線速度(du)不超過(guo)7~8m/min。濃(nong)(nong)縮(suo)機(ji)工(gong)作時，礦(kuang)漿沿給(gei)礦(kuang)管或(huo)槽(cao)(cao)(cao)給(gei)入(ru)槽(cao)(cao)(cao)體(ti)ZX的(de)給(gei)礦(kuang)筒，筒的(de)下部(bu)(bu)浸沒于(yu)澄清層之下。礦(kuang)漿從(cong)(cong)這里沿徑(jing)(jing)向往四周流(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)，并(bing)發(fa)生沉(chen)淀(dian)作用(yong)(yong)。澄清液(ye)從(cong)(cong)上部(bu)(bu)環狀(zhuang)溢流(liu)(liu)堰流(liu)(liu)出，沉(chen)淀(dian)物(wu)(wu)則借耙(pa)(pa)葉(xie)刮至ZX排礦(kuang)漏(lou)斗，自(zi)流(liu)(liu)或(huo)用(yong)(yong)泵抽出機(ji)外(wai)。耙(pa)(pa)葉(xie)在運動(dong)(dong)時對(dui)沉(chen)淀(dian)物(wu)(wu)施加壓力，有(you)(you)利于(yu)擠(ji)出其中的(de)水分。當給(gei)礦(kuang)量過(guo)多或(huo)沉(chen)淀(dian)物(wu)(wu)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)過(guo)大(da)時，轉矩(ju)指示器發(fa)出信號，通(tong)過(guo)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)裝置(zhi)提(ti)(ti)起耙(pa)(pa)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)，以免(mian)燒(shao)壞電動(dong)(dong)機(ji)或(huo)損(sun)壞機(ji)件(jian)(jian)。橋(qiao)式(shi)ZX傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)濃(nong)(nong)縮(suo)機(ji)大(da)直徑(jing)(jing)為53m，但一(yi)般直徑(jing)(jing)不超過(guo)35m。過(guo)大(da)的(de)規格將使桁(heng)(heng)架費用(yong)(yong)過(guo)高而不經濟。

ZX柱式ZX傳(chuan)動濃縮機

槽(cao)體用(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼筋(jin)混凝土建(jian)造，槽(cao)體ZX有(you)一(yi)鋼筋(jin)混凝土的(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)柱(zhu)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)以(yi)代(dai)替橋式桁架支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)承傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)構(gou)和(he)耙子(zi);從ZX支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)柱(zhu)到(dao)槽(cao)邊(bian)設(she)(she)(she)一(yi)桁架以(yi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)撐人行道(dao)、動(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)線和(he)給礦管或(huo)槽(cao);ZX支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)柱(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)底(di)(di)(di)部有(you)一(yi)環(huan)狀溝(gou)槽(cao)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)收集(ji)和(he)排出底(di)(di)(di)流(liu)產品;底(di)(di)(di)流(liu)通過建(jian)在濃(nong)(nong)縮(suo)機(ji)下面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)隧(sui)道(dao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)管和(he)泵(beng)(beng)排出機(ji)外。大型ZX傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)濃(nong)(nong)縮(suo)機(ji)常采用(yong)(yong)(yong)中空的(de)(de)(de)沉箱式ZX支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)柱(zhu)，其(qi)(qi)內(nei)安設(she)(she)(she)底(di)(di)(di)流(liu)泵(beng)(beng)和(he)排礦管道(dao);底(di)(di)(di)流(liu)從中空柱(zhu)內(nei)揚送出槽(cao)面(mian)，再經桁架送到(dao)后續(xu)作業(ye)，節(jie)省建(jian)造隧(sui)道(dao)費用(yong)(yong)(yong)。濃(nong)(nong)縮(suo)機(ji)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)錐(zhui)形滾柱(zhu)軸承或(huo)液壓(ya)油(you)膜軸承，以(yi)及具有(you)行星(xing)齒輪(lun)系統的(de)(de)(de)傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)構(gou)。其(qi)(qi)耙臂連(lian)接在一(yi)個大直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)的(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)籠上，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)籠則支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)承在ZX柱(zhu)上端的(de)(de)(de)軸承座中，由(you)傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)構(gou)帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)。液壓(ya)油(you)膜軸承的(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)擦阻力(li)非(fei)常小，適用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)大型設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)。ZX柱(zhu)式ZX傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)濃(nong)(nong)縮(suo)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)在30m以(yi)上，大規格為(wei)200m。直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)100m以(yi)下的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)般均裝有(you)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)或(huo)手動(dong)(dong)(dong)提耙裝置(zhi)。對于(yu)更(geng)大直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)，還配有(you)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)潤(run)滑(hua)、測(ce)壓(ya)、測(ce)負荷(he)等自動(dong)(dong)(dong)測(ce)控裝置(zhi)。

周邊傳動濃縮機

將傳(chuan)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)安裝(zhuang)在沿(yan)周邊(bian)軌(gui)道(dao)(dao)移動(dong)的(de)小(xiao)(xiao)車上(shang)(shang)(shang)，借小(xiao)(xiao)車帶(dai)動(dong)耙(pa)臂(bei)旋轉的(de)濃縮(suo)(suo)(suo)機(ji)(ji);有(you)大、中、小(xiao)(xiao)各(ge)種(zhong)規格(ge)，直(zhi)徑介于(yu)(yu)15~198m。按耙(pa)臂(bei)支(zhi)承(cheng)方(fang)式(shi)可分為鋼(gang)桁(heng)架支(zhi)承(cheng)式(shi)和(he)懸臂(bei)支(zhi)承(cheng)式(shi)兩種(zhong);前者(zhe)的(de)傳(chuan)動(dong)架與(yu)耙(pa)臂(bei)連成一(yi)(yi)(yi)體，后者(zhe)的(de)耙(pa)臂(bei)完全由懸臂(bei)支(zhi)承(cheng)。鋼(gang)桁(heng)架支(zhi)承(cheng)式(shi)周邊(bian)傳(chuan)動(dong)濃縮(suo)(suo)(suo)機(ji)(ji)的(de)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)。它采用(yong)鋼(gang)筋(jin)混凝土造(zao)的(de)槽體和(he)ZX支(zhi)柱，與(yu)耙(pa)臂(bei)相連的(de)桁(heng)架一(yi)(yi)(yi)端借助于(yu)(yu)軸承(cheng)支(zhi)承(cheng)在ZX柱上(shang)(shang)(shang)，另一(yi)(yi)(yi)端借助驅動(dong)小(xiao)(xiao)車上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)輥(gun)輪(lun)(lun)支(zhi)承(cheng)在環池軌(gui)道(dao)(dao)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，通過傳(chuan)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)使輥(gun)輪(lun)(lun)沿(yan)軌(gui)道(dao)(dao)滾動(dong)并(bing)帶(dai)動(dong)桁(heng)架和(he)耙(pa)臂(bei)旋轉。這種(zhong)輥(gun)輪(lun)(lun)傳(chuan)動(dong)方(fang)式(shi)，由于(yu)(yu)輥(gun)輪(lun)(lun)與(yu)軌(gui)道(dao)(dao)間的(de)摩擦力小(xiao)(xiao)，容易打滑(hua)，只適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)小(xiao)(xiao)型濃縮(suo)(suo)(suo)機(ji)(ji)。中型和(he)大型周邊(bian)傳(chuan)動(dong)濃縮(suo)(suo)(suo)機(ji)(ji)在濃縮(suo)(suo)(suo)池周邊(bian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)固定了一(yi)(yi)(yi)圈與(yu)軌(gui)道(dao)(dao)并(bing)列的(de)齒條，驅動(dong)小(xiao)(xiao)車上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)齒輪(lun)(lun)減速(su)器有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)齒輪(lun)(lun)與(yu)齒條嚙(nie)合以推動(dong)小(xiao)(xiao)車前進(jin)。這種(zhong)齒條傳(chuan)動(dong)方(fang)式(shi)，可防止輥(gun)輪(lun)(lun)打滑(hua)，特別適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)冰(bing)凍地區。周邊(bian)傳(chuan)動(dong)濃縮(suo)(suo)(suo)機(ji)(ji)從耙(pa)臂(bei)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)的(de)受力情況看(kan)比ZX傳(chuan)動(dong)有(you)利，但是(shi)難于(yu)(yu)安裝(zhuang)耙(pa)子提升裝(zhuang)置以克服臨(lin)時發生的(de)高負荷。

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